The development history of electronic components is actually a condensed history of electronic development. Electronic technology is an emerging technology developed at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. It has developed most rapidly and widely used in the 20th century, and has become an important symbol of the development of modern science and technology.
Electronic components
Electronic components
In 1906, the American inventor De Forest Lee invented the vacuum triode (electron tube). The first generation of electronic products took electronic tubes as the core. In the late 1940s, the first semiconductor triode was born in the world. It was quickly applied by various countries and replaced the electron tube in a large range because of its small size, light weight, power saving and long service life. In the late 1950s, the first integrated circuit appeared in the world. It integrates many electronic components such as transistors on a silicon chip, making electronic products smaller. Integrated circuits have developed rapidly from small-scale integrated circuits to large-scale integrated circuits and very large-scale integrated circuits, so that electronic products develop in the direction of high efficiency, low energy consumption, high precision, high stability and intelligence. The following four stages of the development of electronic technology can fully explain the characteristics of electronic technology from the following four stages of the development of electronic technology.
The electronic component industry, which appeared and developed rapidly in the 20th century, has brought earth shaking changes to the whole world and people's work and living habits. The development history of electronic components is actually the development history of electronic industry.
Electronic components
Electronic components
In 1906, American de Forrest invented the vacuum triode to amplify the sound and current of the telephone. Since then, people strongly look forward to the birth of a solid-state device, which can be used as an amplifier and electronic switch with light weight, low price and long service life. In 1947, the birth of point contact germanium transistor turned a new page in the history of electronic devices. However, there is a fatal weakness of unstable contact point in the structure of this point contact transistor. With the successful development of point contact transistors, the theory of junction transistors has been put forward. However, until people can prepare ultra-high purity single crystals and arbitrarily control the conductivity type of crystals, junction crystal tubes can really appear. In 1950, the earliest germanium alloy transistor with use value was born. In 1954, junction silicon transistor was born. Since then, the idea of field effect transistor has been put forward. With the emergence and development of material technology such as defect free crystallization and defect control, crystal growth technology and diffusion doping technology, preparation technology of voltage resistant oxide film, corrosion and lithography technology, various electronic devices with excellent performance have appeared one after another. Electronic components have gradually entered the era of transistor and large-scale and super large-scale integrated circuit from the era of vacuum tube. Gradually form the semiconductor industry as the representative of high-tech industry.
Due to the needs of social development, electronic devices become more and more complex, which requires electronic devices to have the characteristics of reliability, high speed, low power consumption, light weight, miniaturization and low cost. Since the idea of integrated circuit was put forward in the 1950s, due to the progress of comprehensive technologies such as material technology, device technology and circuit design, the first generation of integrated circuit was successfully developed in the 1960s. In the history of semiconductor development. The emergence of integrated circuit has epoch-making significance: its birth and development have promoted the progress of copper core technology and computer, and brought historic changes to all fields of scientific research and the structure of industrial society. The integrated circuit invented by virtue of superior science and technology gives researchers more advanced tools, and then produces many more advanced technologies. These advanced technologies will further promote the emergence of higher performance and cheaper integrated circuits. For electronic devices, the smaller the volume, the higher the integration; The shorter the response time, the faster the calculation processing speed; The higher the transmission frequency, the greater the amount of information transmitted. Semiconductor industry and semiconductor technology are known as the foundation of modern industry. At the same time, they have also developed into a relatively independent high-tech industry.
